Bone Replacement Graft for Ridge Preservation
Introduction
In modern era of dental practice ridge preservation is one of the most important factor, ensuring long term success of various dental procedure that are performed in daily life. Alveolar ridge is a boney structure that give support to the teeth leading to reduced bone volume. When I took her to remove, bone that hold tooth can disappear. To preserve that bone implants are used.
Ridge Preservation is done to stop the bone loss. It help to keep the bone in real shape and size. For example bone is like hill and tooth is like house that is on the top of it. When the house is taken away as like tooth extraction, the hill will start to go down like bone loss in oral cavity. Ridge Preservation is to put something at that place from where tooth was extracted to keep it level.
Role of bone replacement graft in ridge preservation
Bone replacement graft can be used ridge preservation after the tooth loss. It is just temporary support which will allow the bone growth along with it. Ridge preservation is very important because it keeps the jawbone stronger and in good shape for future better routine. There role is to keep the bones strong and health and make them ready for the teeth treatments and new teeth.
Types of ridge preservation
Autographs
It is a method in which bone is taken from the similar body means from another part like chin, hip bone and adjusted into another part for treatment purpose.
Advantages
It has following advantages,
- Best method, over body don’t reject them as they are taken from our own body part.
Disadvantages
- As it is taken from same body pain, extra pain is faced in response to an extra surgery.
Allograft
Bones are taken from other person body. It is processed very carefully to reduce the chances of cells rejection.
Advantages
- It don’t need double surgery, patient is saved from facing double pain.
Disadvantages
- There are chances of rejection.
- The bone formed can be weak.
- It might not have living cells that can heal again and again.
Xenografts
The grafts that are made from the bones of animal, mostly made of cow bones.
Advantages
- They work well as compared to others.
- They are available when we don’t want to use our own bone.
Disadvantages
- Body might react to the animals cells.
- Grafts may be weaker as compared to grafts made of human bone.
Synthetic grafts
These grafts are man made, made of special material by the man are called synthetic grafts. They are mostly made of polymer, calcium and ceramics.
Advantages
- They don’t need extra surgery to get the grafts from living organisms.
- There is no risk of disease transfer in case of synthetic grafts.
- After formation of new bone they are broken down with passage of time.
Disadvantages
- They don’t work as real grafts.
- Body take long time to replace it with the real bone when synthetic grafts are used.
Osseointegration process
Osseointegration is a process that occur after dental implant, in this process the implant roots fuses with the bone to give it stronger base and this process took few weeks. When the implant is placed into the bone the bone cell start to stock with the implant. With the passage of time they create strong bond with the dental implant. This is the reason that implant look like real tooth and everything feel like real one.
Role of graft in promoting osseointegration
Bone grafts have very important role in promoting the process of osseointegration. when the bone grafts are placed it allow the connection between the two ends of the bone from where the tooth is extracted. The bone cell start to meet with the opposite corner with the help of graft. This bone graft act as a bridge between the opposite sides of the bone.
Factors influencing successful integration
Following are the factors that affect the successful osseointegration,
- Bone quality is one of the main factors, hard and dense bone always work for successful osseointegration.
- The success of bone integration also depends upon the type of material which is used for bone grafting.
- Another factor that influences successful integration is the integration surface.
- Patient good oral health contributes in the success of integration.
- Who much stress and workload can lower the chances of successful osseointegration.